What is the difference between physical and chemical sunscreens?

Physical sunscreens and chemical sunscreens differ primarily in their mechanisms of action in protecting the skin from ultraviolet (UV) radiation. Physical sunscreens, also known as mineral sunscreens, contain active mineral ingredients like zinc oxide or titanium dioxide. These minerals work by sitting on top of the skin, forming a barrier that reflects and scatters UV rays, effectively preventing them from penetrating the skin.

On the other hand, chemical sunscreens contain organic (carbon-based) compounds that absorb UV radiation. These components undergo a chemical reaction that transforms UV rays into heat, which is then released from the skin. This fundamental distinction in how each type interacts with UV radiation is critical for choosing the right sunscreen based on skin type, concerns, or preferences.

Physical sunscreens often provide broad-spectrum protection immediately upon application, while chemical sunscreens may require a bit more time to become effective after application. Additionally, individuals with sensitive skin might prefer physical sunscreens due to their less irritating nature, but this is not a definitive rule, as both types can be formulated to suit various skin types.

The other choices do not accurately reflect the key differences in how physical and chemical sunscreens function and can lead to misunderstandings regarding their application and effectiveness in skin care.