What do teratogenic effects refer to in terms of skincare ingredients?

Teratogenic effects specifically refer to substances or agents that can cause developmental malformations in a fetus during pregnancy. This is particularly critical in the context of skincare ingredients, as certain compounds can cross the placental barrier and negatively impact fetal development. For example, ingredients like retinoids, commonly found in anti-aging products, are known to pose risks of birth defects if used by pregnant individuals. Understanding teratogenic effects is crucial for skincare professionals to advise clients appropriately regarding product use during pregnancy or while trying to conceive.

The other options, while related to skin care and its effects on the skin, do not describe the teratogenic nature of certain substances. They address different aspects of skincare outcomes, such as enhancing skin healing, improving texture, or contributing to skin aging, but do not pertain to fetal development or malformations.