What classification do glycolic acid and salicylic acid fall under?

Glycolic acid and salicylic acid are classified as exfoliants due to their ability to facilitate the shedding of dead skin cells, promoting a smoother and more uniform skin texture. Glycolic acid, an alpha hydroxy acid (AHA), works on the skin's surface by breaking down the bonds between dead skin cells, which enhances skin cell turnover. This process not only improves the appearance of skin texture but can also reduce the visibility of fine lines, wrinkles, and hyperpigmentation.

Salicylic acid, a beta hydroxy acid (BHA), penetrates deeper into the pores and is particularly effective at treating acne. By dissolving the debris and excess oil within the pores, salicylic acid helps prevent clogged pores and breakouts. Its anti-inflammatory properties also assist in reducing the redness and swelling associated with acne.

Both of these acids serve as chemical exfoliants, making them effective in various skin care formulations aimed at improving skin health and appearance. Their roles are distinctly different from moisturizers, antioxidants, and sunscreens, which have separate functions such as hydrating the skin, neutralizing free radicals, and protecting against UV radiation.